Page 125 - MSAM-4-3

Materials Science in

Additive Manufacturing

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Performance evaluation of artificial hip joints

3D-printed through stereolithography using
dental resin reinforced with titanium dioxide

nanoparticles

Bhre Wangsa Lenggana * , Rony Akbar Majid 2 , Ubaidillah * ,
1
2
and Joko Triyono 2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman,
Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease commonly associated with aging.
One effective treatment to restore patients’ quality of life is total hip arthroplasty,
*Corresponding authors: in which the damaged hip joint is replaced with a prosthetic implant. Currently,
Bhre Wangsa Lenggana there is a growing demand for customized artificial hip joints tailored to individual
(bhre.lenggana@unsoed.ac.id)
Ubaidillah anatomical dimensions. However, the conventional casting method generally used
(ubaidillah_ft@staff.uns.ac.id) to fabricate these implants is often considered ineffective. Additive manufacturing
Citation: Lenggana BW, technology, also known as 3D printing, has emerged as a promising alternative.
Majid RA, Ubaidillah, Triyono J. This technology enables the fabrication of complex designs with high accuracy
Performance evaluation of artificial and customizable geometries and sizes without altering the physical components
hip joints 3D-printed through
stereolithography using dental resin of the 3D printing machine. This study aims to develop a 3D-printed artificial hip
reinforced with titanium dioxide joint prosthesis using a dental photopolymer resin reinforced with titanium dioxide
nanoparticles. Mater Sci Add (TiO ) nanoparticles. The mechanical performance of the prostheses was evaluated
Manuf. 2025;4(3):025200032. 2
doi: 10.36922/MSAM025200032 through both experimental and simulated compression testing. Four concentrations
of TiO nanoparticles were tested, namely 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5%. The results showed
Received: May 14, 2025 2
that the prosthesis reinforced with 3% TiO nanoparticles exhibited the highest
2
1st revised: June 20, 2025 strength (717.2 N), while the one with 5% TiO nanoparticles exhibited the lowest
2
2nd revised: June 30, 2025 strength (241.8 N).
Accepted: June 30, 2025
Keywords: Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Titanium oxide nanoparticles; Hip joint
Published online: August 1, 2025
prosthesis; Stereolithography
Copyright: © 2025 Author(s).
This is an Open-Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution
License, permitting distribution, 1. Introduction
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is Osteoarthritis of the hip joint is commonly associated with aging and often results in
properly cited. difficulty performing activities such as walking or running. Other contributing factors
1
Publisher’s Note: AccScience include obesity and injuries to the hip joint. To improve the quality of life of patients
Publishing remains neutral with with hip osteoarthritis, total hip replacement surgery–a clinically and cost-effective
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional procedure–is often recommended. According to a study conducted in the United States,
2
affiliations. over 300,000 patients with hip osteoarthritis undergo hip replacement surgery annually.

Volume 4 Issue 3 (2025) 1 doi: 10.36922/MSAM025200032