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Almoshadak

trans-4-(2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-2-quinolinamine, glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, sterols, amino acids,
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silicic acid, diethyl bis(trimethylsilyl) ester, and and a spectrum of fatty acids, including myristic,
1,2-benzisothiazol-3-amine. The findings also indicated pentadecanoic, palmitic, nonadecanoic, arachidic,
the absence of 1,4-naphthoquinone, 6-ethyl-2,3,5,7- linoleic, and linolenic acids, as well as triterpenoids
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tetrahydroxy from site S1, 9,12-octadecadienoyl and sterols. 63
chloride (Z,Z) from site S2 sample, as well as the
absence of 1,1-diphenyl-4-phenylthiobut-3-en-1-ol, 3.7. Nitrogen and phosphorus levels in S. monoica
2,6-nonadienal, 3,7-dimethyl, amiphenazole, myristic roots and leaves and collection sites
acid, and cinnamic acid, p-(trimethylsiloxy)-, methyl Table 8 provides an overview of the total nitrogen and
ester from the plants collected from site S3. In addition, phosphorus levels in the collection sites and the roots
the quantities of the common compounds exhibited and leaves of S. monoica across the three different
quantitative variations in S. monoica leaf extracts collection sites. The nitrogen content exhibited a highly
in response to the difference in the collection site. significant variation (p<0.01), whereas the phosphorus
The observed chemical polymorphism in S. monoica content showed significant variation (p<0.05) in
leaf extracts might be attributed to genetic diversity response to both the plant organ and the collection
and the varying ambient environmental conditions. site. The present investigation demonstrated that
The presence of unique compounds at specific sites nitrogen was significantly accumulated in the roots of S.
(e.g., 2-thiazolamine in site S2 sample and trans-4-(2-(5- monoica at site S1 (15.37 mg/g DM), the leaves of site
nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-2-quinolinamine in site S3 sample) S2 (9.16 mg/g DM), and the soil of site S3 (4.81 mg/g
may reflect site-specific adaptations to environmental DM) compared to the corresponding samples. The
stressors. roots of site S1 possessed a higher phosphorus content
The findings of this study underscore the pronounced (1.19 mg/g DM), whereas the leaves and soil of site
variability exhibited by S. monoica, a variability S3 exhibited the highest phosphorus levels (0.79
contingent upon the specific site of collection. This and 0.94 mg/g DM, respectively) compared to their
observed chemical polymorphism likely arises from counterparts in this study.
genetic diversity, potentially intertwined with the As a halophyte, S. monoica shows remarkable
heterogeneous environmental conditions in Saudi adaptations to survive in extreme environments. Its
Arabia, encompassing factors such as humidity levels, nutrient acquisition techniques can be better understood
thermal fluctuations, and soil composition. Some
species inhabit specific ecological niches that are highly Table 8. Nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the
sensitive to climate changes, significantly affecting soil, root, and leaf samples of Suaeda monoica
their phytochemical composition. 36,58 In a study by Roy Sample Nitrogen Phosphorus
and Dutta, an analysis of S. monoica extract unveiled (mg/g DM) (mg/g DM)
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a spectrum of phytochemical classes, including Soil Site 1 1.75±0.27 f 0.88±0.04 bc
amines, ketones, esters, fatty acids, phytol, phenols,
hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds, mirroring Soil Site 2 4.30±0.20 de 0.69±0.13 c
the diversity observed in our investigation. Their Soil Site 3 4.81±0.37 d 0.94±0.10 b
findings corroborated the presence of nonanoic acid, Root Site 1 15.37±1.07 a 1.19±0.01 a
myristic acid, phytol, cinnamic acid, and palmitic acid Root Site 2 6.52±1.26 c 0.92±0.01 b
within the leaf extract of S. monoica. These compounds Root Site 3 1.02±0.13 f 0.86±0.08 bc
have been recognized for their pharmacological Leaves Site 1 3.71±0.26 e 0.82±0.14 bc
characteristics, encompassing antifungal, antibacterial, b b
antitumor, antioxidant, nematocidal, antiandrogenic, Leaves Site 2 9.16±0.53 0.92±0.11
and hypocholesterolemic properties. 3,53,54 Leaves Site 3 4.43±0.32 de 0.97±0.09 b
Moreover, consistent with our results, a prior Source of variation
investigation on the phytochemical profile of Fisher’s test 148.993 4.269
S. monoica growing in Saudi Arabia affirmed the Probability 0.0000 0.0221
prevalence of sesquiterpenes, renowned for their Least significant difference 1.061 0.206
notable wound-healing capabilities. Additional Note: a,b,c,d,e,f The different letters in the same column represent
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screenings of S. monoica extracts have unveiled a significant variations at a 5% level.
diverse array of phytochemical compounds such as Abbreviation: DM: Dry matter.

Volume 22 Issue 3 (2025) 56 doi: 10.36922/ajwep.8523