Page 341 - IJB-10-3

International Journal of Bioprinting Acoustic analysis of 3D-printed ossicles

Table 4. Frequency displacement analysis
Category Ossicular combination Frequency (Hz)
500 1000 2000
Simulation TC4+TC4+HA/PCL (TTH) 1.428E-5 9.564E-6 3.790E-6
TC4+316L+HA/PCL (T3H) 1.599E-5 7.022E-6 2.667E-6
TC4+HA/PCL+HA/PCL (THH) 1.058E-5 1.099E-5 2.572E-6
316L+TC4+HA/PCL (3TH) 9.083E-6 7.066E-6 2.241E-6
316L+316L+HA/PCL (33H) 4.575E-6 4.533E-6 1.548E-6
316L+HA/PCL+HA/PCL (3HH) 4.751E-6 5.266E-6 9.463E-7
HA/PCL-TC4-HA/PCL (HTH) 9.490E-6 1.2905E-5 2.741E-6
HA/PCL-316L-HA/PCL (H3H) 5.232E-6 7.874E-6 1.553E-6
HA/PCL-HA/PCL-HA/PCL (HHH) 1.046E-5 9.766E-6 1.180E-6
Experiment TC4+TC4+HA/PCL (TTH) 6.775E-6 4.049E-6 1.064E-6
TC4+316L+HA/PCL (T3H) 5.674E-6 3.613E-6 1.057E-6
TC4+HA/PCL+HA/PCL (THH) 6.284E-6 2.264E-6 1.009E-6
316L+TC4+HA/PCL (3TH) 3.283E-6 3.146E-6 7.415E-7
316L+316L+HA/PCL (33H) 3.275E-6 2.336E-6 9.048E-7
316L+HA/PCL+HA/PCL (3HH) 3.751E-6 2.266E-6 8.463E-7
HA/PCL-TC4-HA/PCL (HTH) 5.349E-6 5.790E-6 1.741E-6
HA/PCL-316L-HA/PCL (H3H) 6.232E-6 3.874E-6 9.531E-7
HA/PCL-HA/PCL-HA/PCL (HHH) 4.546E-6 4.766E-6 6.802E-7

-3.0
316L
-4.0
TC4
-5.0
Log(Current/A) -6.0

-7.0

-8.0

-9.0

-10.0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4
Potential/V

Figure 8. Polar potential curve of samples.

1.26 g/cm . The mass of the stapes was reduced to 0.57 incus long leg, and incus short leg), with a density of 2.36
3
times the normal value. Additionally, the elastic modulus g/cm , 5.08 g/cm , and 2.26 g/cm , and the elastic modulus
3
3
3
of the stapes decreased from 14.1 GPa to 769.2 MPa, and was 14.1 GPa. When the incus part was TC4, the masses of
the Poisson’s ratio decreased by 0.3. The difference among the three parts were 1.91, 0.87, and 1.99 times the normal
the three combinations was the incus part (incus body, value, respectively, and the elastic modulus increased from
Volume 10 Issue 3 (2024) 333 doi: 10.36922/ijb.2040