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Innovative Medicines & Omics Antioxidant nanomedicines for therapies

Q have also been reported to have low efficacy due to their Nanomaterials with intrinsic antioxidative properties,
low bioavailability. 395 such as zero-valent-molybdenum nanodots, melanin
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In the past decade, various antioxidative nanomedicines nanoparticles, and polyphenol-based nanoparticles,
have been used for treating inflammatory bowel disease. have also been used for alleviating intestinal inflammation
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Most nanomedicines are delivered via oral route, and thus by neutralizing ROS, during which the nanomaterials
they need to be highly stable to endure the harsh gastric are oxidized and degraded. To prolong the antioxidative
environment abundant with acidic gastric fluid and digestive therapeutic effect, various antioxidant nanocatalysts have
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enzymes before reaching the intestinal tract. In addition, been used to trigger catalytic antioxidation reactions
as the inflamed intestinal mucosa is enriched with positively in inflamed intestinal tract. Zhao et al. grew CeO
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charged proteins such as transferrin, while the surfaces of nanoparticles on montmorillonite, which is negatively-
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nanomedicines are usually negative, these nanomedicines charged and can be adsorbed on positively-charged
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can accumulate in inflamed region efficiently through inflamed intestinal tissue, favoring CeO -based catalytic
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electrostatic interaction. Xu et al. prepared a diselenide- antioxidation reactions to mitigate inflammation. Liu
bridged hyaluronic acid nanoparticle for mitigating et al. encapsulated Pt nanoparticles in a Mn porphyrin-
intestinal oxidative stress (Figure 26). The diselenide based MOF, and the composite nanoparticle shows both
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bond (Se−Se) can consume ROS stoichiometrically, thereby SOD and catalase-like activities to convert intestinal
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the nanomedicine has an antioxidant activity to regulate O and H O , respectively, into non-toxic H O and
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the inflammatory environment of intestinal tract. The high O . In addition, Ruthenium-based MOF has also been
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therapeutic efficacy of the nanomedicine was demonstrated demonstrated to be efficient for alleviating acute colitis
in both dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis owing to its SOD and catalase-like activities. Wang et al.
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model and trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced Crohn’s prepared a LiMn O nanocatalyst which features both
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disease model. increased SOD and catalase-like activities at the enhanced
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B C

Figure 26. (A and B) Schematic illustration for the preparation of diselenide-bridged hyaluronic acid nanoparticle and its application in antioxidant
therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Reproduced with permission from Xu et al. Copyright © 2022, American Chemical Society.
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Volume 1 Issue 1 (2024) 33 doi: 10.36922/imo.2527