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Journal of Clinical and Translational Research 2024; 10(3): 219-228
Journal of Clinical and Translational Research
Journal homepage: http://www.jctres.com/en/home
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The impact of mode of birth delivery on child health in India
Ujjwal Das *, Nishamani Kar , Sailajananda Saikia , Nihar Ranjan Rout 1
2
1,2
2
1 Department of Geography, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, India, Department of Geography, School of Environmental Science,
2
Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article history: Background: A skilled birth attendant and the place of delivery have significant effects on child
Received: December 27, 2022 growth.
Accepted: March 4, 2024 Aims: The present paper aims to examine the mode of delivery and its impact on child health
Published Online: June 5, 2024 among children (0 – 59 months) in India.
Methods: The life table estimation of mortality and both bivariate and multivariate logistic
Keywords: regressions were used to identify the association between child health and mode of delivery using
Child growth data from the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015 – 2016.
Life table Results: After adjusting for socioeconomic and biodemographic factors, poor child growth
Multivariate regression (measured through Z-scores for stunting, wasting, and underweight categories) was more significant
Stunting in cesarean delivery compared to normal delivery. In contrast, live birth for different groups of
Neonatal mortality women was reportedly higher in normal vaginal delivery than in cesarean delivery. Neonatal and
Infant mortality infant mortality rates were lower for normal delivery than cesarean delivery, particularly in public
hospitals. The risk of child death was also higher in cesarean delivery, particularly in the neonatal
*Corresponding author: period.
Ujjwal Das Conclusion: The findings from this study could inform the development of health-care policies
Department of Geography, Fakir Mohan and the implementation of strategies aimed at improving the quality of painless labor and prompt
University, Balasore, Odisha, India. delivery in health-care facilities, particularly public hospitals.
Email: ujjwal.das@rgu.ac.in Relevance for Patients: The present study may help pregnant women and their providers decide
whether a cesarean delivery is appropriate.
© 2024 Author(s). This is an Open-
Access article distributed under the terms
of the Creative Commons Attribution-
Noncommercial License, permitting all 1. Introduction
non-commercial use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the Child malnutrition and mortality represent major public health challenges, particularly
original work is properly cited. in low- and middle-developing countries like India. In 2017, nearly 151 million (22%)
of children reported stunted growth [1], and 45% of global child deaths were among
children <5 years old [2,3]. The major causes of child malnutrition and mortality in
low and middle-developing countries are poor nutrition, infectious diseases, household
environment, and different modes of birth delivery [4]. In general, human birth can occur
through natural delivery, assisted delivery, or cesarean section, with the latter sometimes
performed due to social factors [5]. Several studies have suggested that cesarean
sections can have a negative impact on both maternal and child health outcomes [6-11].
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that the utilization of cesarean
section should be limited to 5 – 15% in any population to avoid any negative health
impact [12-17]. A cesarean section rate below 5% implies that a substantial proportion
of women experience successful delivery without surgical complications, indicating
adequate access to skilled delivery services [18]. In addition, it is indicative of favorably
saving both infant and maternal lives during emergency obstetric situations and has also
contributed to reductions in maternal and neonatal mortality, as well as morbidity [19].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36922/jctr.22.00239
