Page 20 - MSAM-3-4

Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing Additive manufacturing of active optics

A B

C

D

Figure 12. Additive manufacturing of integrated photonics. (A) 3D-printed faced-attached microstructures for integrated photonics. Adapted with
permission from Xu et al. (Copyright © 2023, Xu et al.). (B) One‑photon polymerization and 2PP for photonic integration. Adapted with permission
81
from Grabulosa et al. (Copyright © 2022, Grabulosa et al.). (C) Structural color 3D printing for photonic integration. Adapted with permission from
82
Liu et al. (Copyright © 2019, Liu et al.) (D) Additive manufacturing of reconfigurable plasmonic circuits. Adapted with permission from Cao et al.
83
84
(Copyright © 2020, Optical Society of America)
Abbreviations: 2PP: Two‑photon polymerization; FaML: Facet‑attached microlenses; InP: Indium phosphide; MT: Mechanical transfer; OPP: One‑photon
polymerization; SMF: Single‑mode fiber; TPP: Two‑photon polymerization; WG: Waveguide; WS: Wavelength section
structures by integrating advanced materials such as QDs, SLA is particularly effective in producing micro-optical
organic and inorganic hybrids, and UCNPs. Each additive elements, such as QDs lenses for displays and lighting
manufacturing method offers unique capabilities in terms systems. These lenses can be fabricated with in situ UV
of material compatibility, resolution, and design complexity. curing, ensuring high optical quality and integrating
This section reviews key additive manufacturing techniques advanced materials like QDs to enable tunable light
used to produce light-emitting optical components, emission across various wavelengths.
supported by examples and important references.
One notable example is the 3D QDs lens fabricated via
60
5.1. SLA apparatus SLA, which has been applied in high-efficiency displays and
lighting systems, demonstrating the potential of SLA to create
SLA apparatus is a widely used additive manufacturing optoelectronic devices with precise optical performance.
technique that builds 3D structures layer-by-layer using
photopolymerization. This process involves curing liquid While SLA offers exceptional precision and optical
photopolymers with a UV laser, making it suitable for quality, it faces challenges such as a limited range of
fabricating precise and optically transparent components. compatible materials, slower processing speeds compared

Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024) 14 doi: 10.36922/msam.5748