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Arts & Communication Advanced macro-image model for poetry translation

For example, the sound complex enhances the relationships, feelings, and ideas into literary material,
expressiveness of the additional content conveyed by rhythm organizes these elements and gives them
the poetic work as a unique macro-image formation. structure. This functionality underscores the necessity
Consequently, a translator’s neglect of phonetic elements for research into rhythm as an organic element of poetic
and their improper reproduction can lead to an inferior works – subordinated to the general task of creatively
translation. In such cases, the original work fails to reach reflecting reality – among image dominants during
the reader in its real completeness because the auditory translation when objectively required.
image is lost. Hearing, like sight and touch, is a primary Rhythm can imitate movement, behavior, and the
means of perceiving the surrounding world. environment, as exemplified in Kipling’s poem “Boots
Among the components of sound organization in (Infantry Columns),” which depicts soldiers walking
poetic speech, rhythm holds a particularly important through African dust. Similarly, it can convey tension,
place. It directly reveals the esthetic specificity of artistic excitement, and general mood, as seen in Poe’s poem “The
speech and is essential for artistic integrity. Raven.”
The rhythmic organization of a poetic work is called a The prosodic elements that underpin rhythm include
“constructive factor of a poem” and “structural basis.” stress, pause, syntactic constructions, number of vowels,
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The rhythm of the poetic text embodies the author’s onomatopoeia, assonance, and alliteration. At the phonetic
intention and serves as the foundation for developing level, rhythm, as a periodicity of similar and comparable
artistic integrity. Many poets have emphasized the essential speech phenomena, can be created through segmental
role of rhythm as a creative impulse during the initial stage and suprasegmental means. The organizational function
of composing a poem. The creative process of writing of rhythm operates across all levels of rhythmic units,
a poem unfolds directly within its verbal and rhythmic particularly at elementary levels as sound and composition.
fabric. Hence, rhythm becomes one of the most direct and This operation creates a harmonious phonetic structure
primary material expressions of unity and organic integrity that enhances the movement of rhythm and contributes to
in literary works. 52 the creation of an image system within the holistic macro-
image. The functionality of rhythm as an arrangement carries
Translator Lozinsky highlighted that “Rhythm is the
deepest and most powerful organizing principle of poetry. figurative semantics; even when the rhythm is disrupted, as
noted by Lotman, it retains functional significance that
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A poem is kept by rhythm, it lives and breathes with reflects the author’s ideological and figurative plan. The
rhythm.” 53(p98) He further noted that “In a verse translation, rhythmic-syntactic organization of poetic speech is crucial
the question of choosing a rhythm is a starting question that for avoiding monotony in presenting lexical material. It
must be resolved before all the rest. Solving this question serves to deautomatize attention and create the necessary
for himself, the poet-translator should have in mind his esthetic effect on the audience during their engagement
main goal – to give a translation that, if possible, causes the with the poem. Each line functions artistically to influence
same emotional effect as the original.” 53(p99) Chukovsky also the receiver, convey the information, and create imagery.
advised translators to read the would be translated author The choice of rhythmic-syntactic patterns shapes the text’s
aloud more often through the statement “to catch the pace composition and supports the realization of the author’s
and cadence of his speech, which are essential not only in idea since rhythm is integral to style and individual creative
poems, but also in artistic prose.” 54(p46) Chukovsky considered methods.
rhythmic structure to be the most important feature of the
poetic text that should be strictly reproduced in translation. 53 Rhythm’s significance is particularly evident in the
translations of Poe’s poetic works. Poe was not only a
Goncharov believes that “being included in the general poet but also the first American critic who articulated an
artistic and expressive system of the poem, rhythm esthetic theory defining poetry as the creation of beauty
becomes a component of its style.” 55(p41) While we partially through rhythm. This concept is exemplified through
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agree with this assertion, we believe rhythm is the basis of Poe's most famous poem “Eldorado”: Gaily bedight, / A
style. Rhythm constitutes both the sound configuration gallant knight, / In sunshine and in shadow, / Had journeyed
of a poem and its structural basis upon which all other long, / Singing a song, / In search of Eldorado. // But he grew
elements of poetic speech are anchored. Therefore, rhythm old – / This knight so bold – / And o’er his heart a shadow
can be seen as an image that underpins poetic speech. / Fell as he found / No spot of ground / That looked like
Moreover, rhythm possesses not only expressive but Eldorado. // And, as his strength / Failed him at length, / He
also symbolic and pictorial functions and it transcends met a pilgrim shadow – / “Shadow”, said he, / “Where can
mere metrics. In transforming life experiences, it be – / This land of Eldorado?›› // Over the Mountains / Of

Volume 3 Issue 3 (2025) 11 doi: 10.36922/ac.5990