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Global Translational Medicine A Taxonomy of AI Assisted Medical Robots

A B

C
D

Figure 5. Data collection and flow of medical wearable robots. (A) Intelligent wearable robot with AI-ART . (B) Formation process, and a proposed
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interaction model . (C) Fabrication process of epidermal electronics with nanocomplex . (D) Cardiovascular disease management method and
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architecture with AI-ART . (E) Smart artificial kidney incorporated with proteomics, hematology, and engineering techniques of AI-ART .
Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center seek to establish an At present, wearable ECG monitor is growing as a
approach to improve the diagnostic accuracy and probe supplementary tool of conventional heavy and costly ECG
the stage or degree of CLL with artificial intelligence monitor . AI-ART human-like interpretation, which is
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algorithms . Besides the mainstream application for massively unrecognizable to human interpreters, reveals
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stage distinction, there are two supplementary branches the associations between electrical signals and various
of AI-ART for chronic disease management. The first is to phenotypes, such as patents’ ages, sexual distinction, atrial
optimize chronic disease management, involving fusion fibrillation, ventricular dysfunction, and so on. Wearable
of multi-modality medical big data, patient-oriented risk ECG monitor is expected to become a potential, ubiquitous,
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evaluation, and decision support assistance . Compared and non-invasive biomarker . Long-lasting power supply
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with the former, the second branch involves imposing the for wearable ECG monitoring can be mitigated by the
prediction function of artificial intelligence algorithms onto rapid development of new-energy chargeable battery.
post-operative recovery. In spite of that, the third branch Perhaps, integrating important first-aid strategies, such
is in its infancy, involving a comprehensive framework as defibrillation by electric shock and so on, into the ECG
with enormous amount of multi-modality medical data of monitor would be beneficial.
specific diseases from wearable medical robots, multilevel 2.3.3. Artificial kidney
progressive data mining algorithms, official guidelines, and
relevant laws. One of the most important goals of chronic The innovation of artificial kidney (portable hemodialysis)
disease management is to recapitulate the corresponding to some extent represents a center translation substantially
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short-term and long-term therapies for the patient in the from in-center to patient-center . The kidneys remove
future. The chronic disease management system collects toxic and excessive water from the blood. Hence, wearable
comprehensive data from daily examination and wearable artificial kidney plays an extremely important role for
sensors, such as ECG and so on. Valuable data mining kidney failure patients. Although artificial kidney has been
from the massive information are the key for subsequent envisioned in 1960s, until now, artificial kidney has not
treatment formulation. been approved by the FDA for clinical use.
Researchers are gaining interest in the barriers hindering
2.3.2. Wearable electrocardiogram monitoring
research development and commercial productization.
Predicting when a patient would suffer from an The main challenge is how to effectively remove toxic
unexpected heart attack is difficult. Wearable ECG is salutes from the blood, while decreasing the dosage of
a revolution toward 24 h or longer ECG monitoring, dialysate, which is also an impediment for hemodialysis.
which assists the doctors in detecting cardiovascular The reason behind the necessity to solve the substantial
diseases before they become serious and uncontrollable. usage of dialysate is that even if the patient is able to afford

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2022) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i2.176