Page 109 - IJOCTA-15-2

A. Ebrahimzadeh, R. Khanduzi, A. Jajarmi / IJOCTA, Vol.15, No.2, pp.294-310 (2025)

Start

Initialize the control parameters of control
the FBMO and NLP

Generate the initial masses for e initia
FBMO

Compute the objective e the ob
functional of the initial swarm

Update the mass based on the FBMObased
procedure

Is there a new mass that has less
objective functional than previous
mass?
No

Yes

Change the location of previous masscation
and new mass

Is there a new mass that has less
objective functional than the best
mass U ( best ? ) No

Yes

Change the location of previous locati
mass and the best mass

No
Is the stop condition satisfied?conditio

Yes
D
Doneone

Figure 3. Flowchart of the FBMO for solving the presented NLP

for the I v group), on disease dynamics, while the and decrease, respectively. Moreover, while there
awareness of self-protection among the infected is a notable decrease in the number of infected
population I c is not addressed (u 3 = 0). Fig- individuals (I c and I v ), the time taken to reach
ure ?? depicts the effects of this approach on a steady state is excessively long. This delay in-
different segments of the population within the dicates that infections persist within both pop-
model. The findings reveal that relying exclu- ulations for an extended period. Consequently,
sively on this combined control leads to irregular the sole use of vaccination and isolation strate-
behavior in the trends of susceptible and vacci- gies proves inadequate for promptly reducing the
nated populations despite their overall increase transmission of COVID-19 in the community.
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