Page 69 - IMO-2-1

Innovative Medicines & Omics Flavonoids against glycosidic hydrolase

Table 7. Binding constants, binding sites, thermodynamic parameters of quercetin and kaempferol with α-amylase and
α-glucosidase at 298 K, 304 K, and 310 K
o
‑1
12
‑1
4
System T (K) K (×10 Lmol ) K (×10 Lmol ) n ∆H (KJ mol ) ∆G (KJ mol ) ∆S (J mol k )
‑1
o
‑1 ‑1
‑1
o
q a
Quercetin‑α‑amylase 298 2.04±0.02 0.83±0.03 0.91 −60.39±2.52 −22.41±1.02 −127.45±3.52
K
304 1.34±0.03 0.54±0.02 0.90 −21.65±2.54
K
310 0.86±0.02 0.32±0.01 0.88 −20.88±1.32
K
Kaempferol‑α‑amylase 298 1.35±0.05 1.51±0.02 1.00 −126.08±4.57 −24.48±0.58 −340.96±5.76
K
304 1.23±0.03 1.20±0.04 1.25 −22.43±1.24
K
310 0.85±0.03 0.21±0.01 1.20 −20.38±2.65
K
Quercetin‑α‑glucosidase 298 5.81±0.02 25.12±0.22 1.17 −204.95±3.68 −30.71±3.02 −584.70±6.52
K
304 2.94±0.01 4.37±0.04 1.02 −27.21±1.61
K
310 1.94±0.03 1.02±0.02 0.94 −23.69±4.32
K
Kaempferol‑α‑glucosidase 298 2.45±0.04 0.33±0.03 0.80 −168.35±5.09 −19.75±2.32 −498.67±6.35
K
304 2.12±0.04 0.05±0.04 0.85 −16.75±2.65
K
310 2.07±0.03 0.02±0.02 0.90 −13.76±1.53
K

Table 8. The contents of secondary structures of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in Sophora japonica L
The ratio of enzymes to flavanoids α-helix (%) β-sheet (%) β-turn (%) Random coil (%)
α-amylase 14.25 47.46 11.92 26.45
α-amylase: Quercetin=4:1 14.72 46.16 12.13 26.92
α-amylase: Kaempferol=4:1 14.57 46.16 11.84 27.42
α-amylase: Isorhamnetin=4:1 15.50 45.92 12.88 25.76
α-amylase: Rutin=4:1 15.35 42.81 11.81 29.25
α-amylase: Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside=4:1 15.93 42.49 12.44 29.21
α-amylase: Narcissoside=4:1 15.9 41.97 12.23 30.05
α-glucosidase 24.54 24.30 15.11 37.05
α-glucosidase: Quercetin=3:1 23.47 27.00 14.89 36.19
α-glucosidase: Kaempferol=3:1 22.66 28.90 14.67 35.84
α-glucosidase: Isorhamnetin=3:1 23.13 28.10 14.79 35.77
α-glucosidase: Rutin=3:1 22.51 28.30 14.23 36.93
α-glucosidase: Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside=3:1 23.16 27.00 14.41 37.10
α-glucosidase: Narcissoside=3:1 22.77 27.20 14.25 37.49

the initial content of 47.46 – 46.16% (quercetin), 46.16% content decreased from 24.54% to 23.47% (quercetin),
(kaempferol), 45.92% (isorhamnetin), 42.81% (rutin), 22.66% (kaempferol), 23.13% (isorhamnetin), 22.51%
42.49% (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), and 45.92% (rutin), 23.16% (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), and 22.77%
(narcissoside) (Table 8). For α-glucosidase, the α-helix (narcissoside). However, the β-sheet content increased

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2025) 63 doi: 10.36922/imo.6010